Thanks so what you are proposing is a capture card?
Yes.
Someone recommended to me a EVGA XR1 lite Capture Card. I wonder if I buy a used cannon EOS 80D camera, if it would be able to record at 1080p 60 fps in OBS in linux and features such as autofocus to work.
A quick google search turned up an Amazon listing, which makes a big deal of being "Certified for OBS". Unfortunately, that list is horribly out of date, but it does make a good marketing point for those that just happen to be on it.
OBS (Open Broadcaster Software) is free and open source software for video recording and live streaming. Stream to Twitch, YouTube and many other providers or record your own videos with high quality H264 / AAC encoding.
obsproject.com
Also, that page says it's good for Windows 10. Period. Others are listed there as being for Windows, Mac, and Linux. You can take that as you will.
Autofocus and other camera-related features are the responsibility of the camera. You won't get those commands back through HDMI, even if OBS did know what they meant. So know your camera and how to run it.
Serious productions have a dedicated person for each camera and for each part of the electronics. You'll probably have to wear a bunch of those hats at once, but still keep them separate as you do them. Run the camera *on the camera*, for example. Or if it has another remote control that that's all it does, that's fine too, but you get into all kinds of mess when you try to combine those jobs into one shared device.
If you *really* know what you're doing and how everything interacts, and how each signal is going to go around the obstacles and get to where it needs to go anyway, whether it be a video signal, audio signal, control signal, or whatever, then you can CAREFULLY combine some things. But it's still a minefield. Until you know that, keep everything visibly separate.
Where would be the best place to ask?
Unfortunately, that information tends to be few and far between. It would be nice to have a central place like you're asking for, but I don't know of one. Sorry.