Hm, did you see if the indicator was going past green, into yellow/red territory ever? Like a little after 2:14:40, when you start fighting the dragon, you have a major missing section of frames. This indicates that you must have gone into red territory. Your framerate also seems inconsistent, but I'm not entirely sure if that's the game or the stream.
If you spend too much time outside green territory it starts dropping disposable frames to compensate for your bandwidth. This is actually okay and normal as long as you don't do it too much, and you won't really notice it all that much on stream. But you generally want to try to make sure it stays fully green as much as possible if you're not already. If the color isn't mostly in green territory you definitely want to turn down your bitrate/buffersize.
Red is bad, though. If you go full red it starts dropping important frames as the only other means to compensate for your bandwidth, and you'll see spikes of missing video on the stream like that. It's okay to have it happen on rare occasions as flukes for whatever reason they can occur but you really want to avoid it at all costs if possible. If you get red occurrences every time you stream that's also a good sign you should definitely turn down the bitrate/buffersize.
Also, I don't know for certain what situations cause twitch to decide to disconnect a user. It's possible that if you're dropping important frames too often it could decide to disconnect you at some point, but I honestly just do not know. If the button turns itself to "Start Streaming" again, that means that it disconnected you for some reason (note to self: need to add a "disconnected by server" message box when disconnected by the server). I should also start logging the network data that twitch uploads or something to see if twitch is sending any specific disconnect message. I'll see what I can do on my end with what I know so far.
I've been doing long multi-hour sessions since you reported this and haven't really run in to much trouble myself.. Still, I don't like to assume that it's just something on your end, as I don't want to take any chances, so I'm going to continue checking this out to be sure.
Would love to hear if this is occurring to other people or not.