Again, not sure of the cause, but OBS is asking to use the headset and Windows is saying no:
21:46:07.726: [WASAPISource::TryInitialize]:[Zestaw słuchawkowy (CORSAIR VOID ELITE USB Gaming Headset)] Failed to get initialize audio client: 887C001E
21:46:07.726: [WASAPISource::WASAPISource] Device '{0.0.0.00000000}.{905474ce-f89a-45ed-b08e-b92a8af6d110}' not found. Waiting for device
The absolutely most common reason for this is exclusivity.
In your screencap I noticed you turned off exclusivity on the microphone, but the headphones are a separate device as far as Windows is concerned. You should double-check that exclusivity is also off on your default output device.
You may also wish to delete the device from OBS and re-add it, and select it specifically instead of selecting "default" if that is how you have chosen it.