Aloha Antonio05200,
I may have misspoken in my original response to your query. I still don't think there's a way to recored a workspace you are not using, but you can switch to other workspaces while recording. I noticed an OBS icon in the right-hand-most corner of my i3bar. When I right-clicked on the icon, I saw a 'Hide' option. Furthermore, when you set up a Hotkey, you are then able to switch to a different workspace. I should have watched a few more OBS tutorial videos on YouTube before I answered. The only problem I'm having is that I'm using an Intel NUC7i5BNH, which is a mini-computer (it's like an Apple Mac Mini, but with Arch Linux inside), with a 7th generation Core i5 CPU with integrated graphics (Iris Plus Graphics). I still get a bit of screen flicker when I record, but that may be down to the CPU.
To better explain my answer, when you look at the Screen Capture source, you are capturing Screen 0. When you switch to another workspace, you are moving that workspace to Screen 0, so in effect, you are using the new workspace. You are not recording the previous workspace any longer. I hope this helps to answer your question. If you have any other questions, or would like any further explanation of my answer, please respond to this thread.