If you mean that there may be some magic audio filter that filters everything besides your voice? No, there isn't such thing.
If there were such thing, professionals would not need silent audio recording studios. Sophisticated (expensive) microphones.
The nearer your mouth is to the microphone, the better the quality, because background noises are much more silent this way.
If you have a desk microphone that is more than 10 cm away from your mouth, it gets very difficult. The larger the distance, the more is the volume of your voice equal to the volume of the background noises. This cannot be filtered away. You can try a desk microphone with a directional receiving pattern and direct it to your mouth. This way noises from other directions are somewhat suppressed. But this is also not very convenient, since if you move from your position, your voice soon gets silent in the recording.
The best way to have no background noise in the recording is to have no background noise in the first place: no audio from loudspeakers. If you need to play back something (voip, game sound, desktop sound), use headphones.