Two major issues.
One, OBS is running on the GeForce MX150 in your computer:
15:28:05.106: Loading up D3D11 on adapter NVIDIA GeForce MX150 (0)
you can't use Display Capture on a laptop unless it's running on the integrated GPU (in your case, the Intel UHD 620). Here are instructions on how to select the GPU on Windows 10 1903 and later:
OBS Studio - Free and open source software for live streaming and screen recording - obsproject/obs-studio
obsproject.com
Note that doing this will DISABLE the Window Capture and Game Capture source types. They will still be present in the source list, but will not work. This is one of the big drawbacks to using a laptop for livestreaming/media creation. You only can have Monitor OR Game+Window.
Two, your test scene has multiple Monitor Captures:
15:28:06.596: - scene 'Szene':
15:28:06.596: - source: 'GIMP-TEst' (window_capture)
15:28:06.596: - source: 'kagis1' (window_capture)
15:28:06.596: - source: 'Fensteraufnahme' (window_capture)
15:28:06.596: - source: 'GIS Steiermark' (window_capture)
15:28:06.596: - source: 'Internet-DB' (monitor_capture)
15:28:06.596: - source: 'Klonen' (monitor_capture)
15:28:06.596: - source: 'DB-Test' (monitor_capture)
15:28:06.596: - source: 'Test1' (monitor_capture)
15:28:06.596: - source: 'DB-Test' (monitor_capture)
You should only ever have one, and never in a scene with a Window or Game Capture. Delete all but one, and remove all of the window captures since they won't work anyway after the GPU reassignment above.