Not natively. The *might* be a plugin that does that, but I haven't stumbled into it. There's a lot, so it could still exist anyway:
Plugins for use with OBS Studio
obsproject.com
Otherwise, you'll need to use an external app to do that, feed it the audio, and either Screen Capture or Window Capture it back into OBS.
That said, I've seen some real zingers and foul language come out of automatic speech-to-text tools, that was clearly NOT what was actually said! Make sure you get a GOOD one, and TEST IT WELL before it goes live! Especially if it really *is* live, with no chance to edit, or live-to-tape in a way that makes it hard to edit.