of course
but OBS Studio is a complex tool, so it isn't a 'function'. Rather there are multiple approaches and depends on your setup as to which to use
Do you have a real chroma keyed background to work with? if yes, then relatively straight forward [plenty of videos and guides on doing this in OBS)
or, are you looking for a plug-in (3rd party, as I don't believe this would be native to OBS) to take a video feed, and determine which portion to keep (ie, you), and which to discard, replacing with something else?
if you use a chroma-keyed background, then that is a certain amount of processing power to accomplish. For non chroma-keyed background, it takes a LOT more processing power to accomplish (and you see in Zoom how poorly it works).. but if that is adequate for you.. do you have a powerful enough PC for the extra load (on top of whatever else you are doing)?